نُشر في بواسطة Abdulrahman Sumait

تيتان … قمر السُحب الكثيفة ( سلسلة المجموعة الشمسية – الموضوع رقم 16 )

على الرغم من أن ( تيتان ) يُصنف على أنه أحد أقمار كوكب ( زحل ) ، إلا أنه أكبر حجماً من كل من ( عطارد ) و ( بلوتو ) ، إذ يبلغ قطره نحو 5150 كيلومتراً ، وهو بهذا ثاني أكبر أقمار المجموعة الشمسية بعد ( جانيميد ) قمر (المشتري).

يتكون جو ( تيتان ) الرقيق أساساً من النتروجين ، ومركبات أخرى من الكربون والهيدروجين ، وهي التي تعطي هذا القمر لونه البرتقالي.

وتصل درجة حرارة ( تيتان ) إلى 178 درجة مئوية تحت الصفر ، وتوجد فوق سطحه بحيرات من مواد هيدروكربونية ، أي مكونة من الهيدروجين والكربون مثل ( الإثيلين ) ، وتبقيها في حالة سائلة تلك الحرارة التي تنبعث من باطن القمر.

وبسبب ضعف جاذبية ( تيتان ) تنفلت من سطحه جزيئات تندفع إلى أعلى مكونة في جوه طبقات عديدة من السحب الكثيفة ، ذات الألوان المختلفة.

تحتوي هذه الصورة على سمة alt فارغة; اسم الملف هو unnamedsss.png

في عام 2005 هبطت مركبة فضائية صغيرة طولها حوالي ثلاثة أمتار ، يُطلق عليها ( هايجنز ) إلى القمر ( تيتان ) كي تفحص مظاهره الغامضة مثل طبيعة الجو والسحب الكثيفة ودرجة الحرارة وبحيرات ( الإثيلين ).

يبلغ بُعد ( تيتان ) عن كوكب ( زحل ) نحو مليون و 221 ألف كيلومتر ، ويدور حوله في نحو 16 يوماً ، ويتميز سطح هذا القمر بوجود علامات سوداء وأخرى براقة يصل طولها إلى أربعة آلاف كيلومتر ، ويعتقد العلماء بأنها نشأت نتيجة اندفاع مواد من الباطن إلى السطح.

تحتوي هذه الصورة على سمة alt فارغة; اسم الملف هو unnamedsss.png

كما اتضح أن السحب في نصف الكرة الشمالية للقمر ذات لون داكن أكثر من السحب التي في نصف الكرة الجنوبي ، وهناك غطاء أسود غامض يغطي القطب الشمالي للقمر.

يرى بعض العلماء أن هناك كميات من الأكسجين متجمدة كثلوج داخل جسم هذا القمر ، بالإضافة إلى جزيئات عضوية معقدة ، تهبط من السحب إلى سطح القمر (تيتان) ، وهي نفس الظروف التي كانت سائدة فوق كوكب الأرض منذ ملايين السنيين.

تحتوي هذه الصورة على سمة alt فارغة; اسم الملف هو unnamedsss.png
تحتوي هذه الصورة على سمة alt فارغة; اسم الملف هو unnamedsss.png
تحتوي هذه الصورة على سمة alt فارغة; اسم الملف هو unnamedsss.png

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