المعيان ( Ophthalmometer )
هيرمان لودفيج فرديناند فون هيلمهولتز
فيزيولوجي وفيزيائي ألماني
الميلاد : 31 أغسطس 1821 بوتسدام – ألمانيا
الوفاة : 8 سبتمبر 1894 ( 73 سنة ) تشارلوتنبرغ ، وبوتسدام – ألمانيا
ولد هلمهولتس في بوتسدام ودرس في برلين ليصبح أستاذا ً التشريح في أكاديمية الفنون الجميلة عام 1848.
وبعد أن تقلب في مناصب جامعية عديدة شغل منصب أستاذ الفيزياء في برلين كواحد من أبرز علماء عصره.
وفي مجال الصوتيات الفيزيولوجية أدخل على البصريات ،
فاخترع ” المعيان ” ( أوبثالموميتر opthalmometer وهو جهاز لقياس نصف قطر تحدب القرنية.
كما اخترع “الفاكوسكوب” phakoscope لقياس التحدب في عدسة العين ، أثناء عملية التكيف.
ومن أهم اختراعاته في هذا المجال مكشاف العين : أوبثالموسكوب ophthalmoscope
الذي مكنه من فحص الشبكية لأول مرة عام 1851.
كذلك طور نظرية معروفة حول الرؤيا الكونية.
للمزيد من المعلومات عن المعيان ( Ophthalmometer ) :
المراجع :
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